In the AI era, enterprises face a new economic asymmetry. While they pay for intelligence from model providers, they also pay with something far more valuable: their proprietary knowledge. Every prompt, correction, trace, evaluation, and piece of institutional context becomes training signal that improves the provider’s models — often without the enterprise retaining control or ownership of what it created.

Satya Nadella calls this the Reverse Information Paradox, inverting Kenneth Arrow’s classic Information Paradox. In the original version, the seller risks giving away knowledge to sell it. In the AI version, the buyer risks giving away knowledge just to use what they bought. The better the model performs on an organization’s unique workflows, the more of that organization’s distinct intelligence leaks into the provider’s system.